Article IX · Authentication and Identification

Rule 903. Subscribing Witness’s Testimony

Amended December 1, 2024 (current)

A subscribing witness’s testimony is necessary to authenticate a writing only if required by the law of the jurisdiction that governs its validity.

(As amended Apr. 26, 2011, eff. Dec. 1, 2011.)

Appended Forms

ARTICLE X. CONTENTS OF WRITINGS, RECORDINGS, AND PHOTOGRAPHS